Animals · Mountains and high places

Golden eagle

Aquila chrysaetos

A wingspan over seven feet wide

A golden eagle in gliding flight: its open wings can reach a wingspan of over seven feet.
A golden eagle in gliding flight: its open wings can reach a wingspan of over seven feet.
  • Status: Safe
  • Mountains of Eurasia, North America, and Northern Africa, in Italy the Alps and Apennines

Numbers

Weight
11 lbcentral value of the range indicated by the material, from 7 to 15 lb; Wikidata reports 11.5 lb and 7.9 lb, likely female and male
Length
33 infrom 26 to 39 in, tail included; value chosen at the center of the range
Lifespan
20 yearsup to 30 years in the wild
Wingspan
7,5 ftfrom 6 to 7.5 ft; Wikidata indicates 6.7 ft, a value consistent with the range
Pair territory
70 square milesthe territory varies from 15 to 70 square miles
Maximum flight load
3,3 lband only if the prey was caught higher up than the nest

Ten fun facts

  1. is almost always silent: it uses nine different calls, but almost exclusively during the breeding season and for feeding chicks.

  2. does not mark its territory with vocalizations: it defends the area by performing an undulating flight along its borders.

  3. includes tortoises among its prey, which it captures and drops onto rocks from a great height to open them.

  4. does not carry off lambs or children: it can lift prey weighing at most about three and a half pounds.

  5. builds up to ten nests within the same territory and chooses the most suitable one to use each year.

  6. places its nests between 5,500 and 7,200 feet, below its hunting grounds, so carrying prey goes downhill.

  7. usually sees only one chick survive from two eggs laid, because the firstborn takes all the available food.

  8. takes its first flight at 75 days old and becomes fully independent between 160 and 170 days.

  9. has about 200 breeding pairs in the Alps, 50 in the Apennines, 30 in Sardinia, and 10 in Sicily.

  10. has the northern limit of its range on the Svalbard islands, located beyond the eighty-first parallel north.

The quiz answers

The first one is the question printed in your book: here is the answer. The other four are extra.

Question 1 of 5★ this one is in your book

How wide is the wingspan of the golden eagle?

Question 2 of 5

How much weight can it carry in flight?

Question 3 of 5

Where does it build its nests?

Question 4 of 5

How many chicks usually survive?

Question 5 of 5

At what age does the golden eagle get its adult plumage?

Try it yourself

Experiment 1

Unroll a tape measure to seven and a half feet on the floor. That is the maximum wingspan of a golden eagle, almost always wider than you are tall.

Experiment 2

Put three and a half pounds of salt into a backpack. That is the maximum weight a golden eagle can carry while flying through the air.

Experiment 3

Draw a mountain with a nest at 6,500 feet and hunting grounds at 8,000 feet. You will see why carrying prey always goes downhill.

Data from Wikidata (Q41181) and Wikipedia (Golden eagle).